Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia pseudolymphoma cmaj. Major advances have been made in the histologic classification. An unusual presentation of a scalp mass, abstract the term cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl, an accumulation of lymphocytes in response to a foreign antigen or unknown stimuli lacks specificity, and has been used when neither cause nor mechanism for the lymphocytic proliferation has been identified. Collections of epithelioid macrophages were present in both cases and were reminiscent of epithelioid granulomas. A case report, abstract the authors report on a case of pseudolymphoma cutis in a 48yearold man. Results from immunohistochemistry testing showed a mixed population of b and t cells. After complete excision of the whole lesion, there has been no recurrence during the followup period of 12 months. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is the term used to indicate a group of benign lymphoproliferative disorders of the skin, being the. Hydantoininduced cutaneous pseudolymphoma with clinical, pathologic, and immunologic aspects of sezary syndrome. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia clh is a subtype of cutaneous pseudolymphoma which is also named lymphocytoma cutis and affects females more than males. The clinical and histological diagnosis was pseudolymphoma. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl encompasses various forms of benign lymphocytic proliferative dermatoses that mimic the clinical andor pathological changes of lymphoma. Lamotrigineinduced cutaneous pseudolymphoma mdedge.
Cutaneous pseudolymphomacpl was first described under the term sarcomatosis cutis by kaposi in 1891. Clh lesions may closely resemble lymphoma both clinically and histologically. The study of cutaneous pseudolymphoma has been mentioned in research publications which can be found using our bioinformatics tool below. In most situations, this appears to be a reactive process, though a number of dermatologic conditions can be difficult to distinguish from a lymphoma. Histopatholgically, clh is characterized by a dense mixed b and t cell lymphocytic infiltration in reticular dermis with a nodular or diffuse pattern 1.
Lymphocytoma cutis, also known as spieglerfendt sarcoid or pseudolymphoma, is a rare lesion, presenting either as localized solitary nodule or as disseminated multiple shiny plaques. Pseudolymphoma is not a specific disease but rather an inflammatory response to known or unknown stimuli that results in a lymphomatousappearing but benign accumulation of inflammatory cells. Pseudolymphoma definition of pseudolymphoma by medical. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl is a reactive polyclonal t or bcell lymphoproliferative process. Herein we report a case of recalcitrant cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl treated with subcutaneous interferon. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia clh is considered a benign lymphoid reactive process that results from various antigenic stimuli and may have potential for progression to overt lymphoma.
Since that initial report, a number of allergens have been reported to cause this type of pseudolymphoma. Major advances have been made in the histologic classification, immunohistochemistry, and. The lesions showed a polymorphous infiltrate without germinal center formation. Specific cutaneous pseudolymphoma units acral pseudolymphoma angiokeratoma in children apache, palpable arciform migratory erythema, angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosiniphilia and kimuras disease.
Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is considered to be a benign reactive cutaneous lymphoid infiltrate. We describe a case of cutaneous bcell pseudolymphoma due to paraphenylenediamine. A man developed nodules within the red areas of his tattoo. Cureus cutaneous pseudolymphoma as a rare adverse effect. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia refers to a groups of benign cutaneous disorders characterized by collections of lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the skin 725 conditions included in this groups are 725 cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia with nodular pattern, a condition of the skin characterized by a solitary or localized cluster of asymptomatic erythematous to violaceous. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma comprises inflammatory lesions with histologic characteristics that closely resemble malignant lymphoreticular proliferation, but that have a benign clinical course. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is defined as a benign proliferation of lymphoid cells in the skin caused by several underlying conditions that mimic lymphoma clinically andor histologically. Zoledronic acidinduced cutaneous bcell pseudolymphoma multifocal cutaneous pseudolymphoma treated with mycophenolate mofetil. It is a pseudolympoma of blymphocytes affecting young adults with a female predilection 3. Pseudolymphomata are common in horses compared with lymphomata. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a heterogenous group of benign reactive tcell or bcell lymphoproliferative processes of diverse causes that simulate cutaneous lymphomas clinically and histologically. Cutaneous pseudolymphomas can be separated into two major subtypes, pseudolymphomas mimicking a cutaneous b cell lymphoma b cell pseudolymphomas and pseudolymphomas mimicking a. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma at the site of prior herpes.
Presence of clonality must be interpreted in the context of the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of cutaneous. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is a term used to describe skin lesions that bear a clinical andor histopathologic resemblance to lymphoma. Generally, cutaneous pseudolymphoma is used to describe the accumulation of lymphocytes in the skin in response to various stimuli. An unusual presentation of a deep subcutaneous thigh mass. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma at the site of resolving herpes. Pseudolymphoma cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia is a benign inflammatory response that histologically and often clinically mimics cutaneous lymphoma.
A case of cutaneous pseudolymphoma with a distinctive. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a group of conditions that simulate a lymphoma blood cell cancer, but behave in a harmless manner. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is a term used to describe a heterogenous group of benign reactive tcell, bcell, or mixedcell lymphoproliferative processes that resemble cutaneous lymphomas clinically andor histopathologically. In 1923, bilerstein coined term lymphocytoma cutis term lymphadenosis benigna cutis was introduced by bafverstedt in 1943 in 1967, lever introduced term pseudolymphoma of spiegler and fendt subsequently,caro and helwig in 1969 introduced term. Cutaneous pseudolymphomas can be separated into two major subtypes, pseudolymphomas mimicking a cutaneous b cell lymphoma and pseudolymphomas mimicking a cutaneous t cell lymphoma. While most cases of cpl are idiopathic, they may also occur as a response to, for example, contact dermatitis. Clinicopathologic correlation is essential to achieve the final diagnosis in cutaneous psl and to differentiate it from cutaneous lymphomas. The patient was diagnosed with a cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl. Cpl may appear as localized or disseminated skin lesions.
Persistent arthropod bite reaction is among the conditions associated with the development of cutaneous pseudolymphoma. Request pdf on jan 1, 2016, lorenzo cerroni and others published pseudolymphoma, cutaneous find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Pseudolymphoma is a benign inflammatory response occasionally linked to an inciting antigen that simulates cutaneous lymphomas. We present a case of a 54yearold woman who spontaneously developed lesions of unknown cause consistent with clh.
Accordingly, the patient stopped the gabapentin permitted by the patients neurologist and her condition resolved 2 months later. In the setting of refractory cutaneous pseudolymphoma, we found at least 4. This is only the second report in the literature of pseudolymphoma arising in a tattoo. Pseudolymphomas may arise in response to a wide variety of foreign antigens, but most are idiopathic. Druginduced pseudolymphoma results from exposure to medications, which results in cutaneous inflammatory patterns that resemble lymphoma, most frequently mycosis fungoides 11930 see also. Clinicopathologic correlation is essential to achieve the correct diagnosis. Tcell pseudolymphoma presenting in a lichenoid and. These diseases differ in their clinical, histologic, and immunophenotypic presentation, and are of different etiologies table 1201.
An otherwise healthy 28yearold white woman had onset of skin disease in 2001 when she developed red, tender pruritic nodules on her right ear and preauricular area. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma psls are a heterogeneous group of lymphocyterich infiltrates, simulating clinically andor histologically cutaneous lymphoma. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma lesions are infrequent below the waist. Pseudolymphoma is characterized by dense lymphoid infiltrates of the skin, which may be focal or diffuse. Over the years, a wide variety of designations have been included in this category. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is a term used to describe a heterogeneous group of benign reactive t cell, bcell or mixed cell type lymphoproliferative processes that resemble cutaneous lymphomas clinically andor histopathologically. A 55year old woman with a history of herpes zoster in the dermatome supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve developed cutaneous red papules and umbilicated nodules within the same segment. Lymphomatoid contact dermatitis is a form of pseudolymphoma that was first described in 1976 by orbaneja et al. Dincan m, souteyrand p, bignon yj, fonck y, roger h.
We report herein a case of pseudolymphoma appearing within. The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of benign skin disorders that simulate cutaneous lymphomas histologically and sometimes clinically. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma fitzpatricks dermatology, 9e. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma resulting from a tattoo zinberg. The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl, an accumulation of lymphocytes in response to a foreign antigen or unknown stimuli lacks specificity, and has been used when neither cause nor mechanism for the lymphocytic proliferation has been identified. The finding of clonal t or bcell populations in cutaneous pseudolymphoma suggests that gene rearrangement analysis cannot be used as an absolute criterion in the differentiation between cpl and cutaneous lymphoma. Gabapentin was suspected to have been the causative factor since the patient developed the cpl 3 weeks after initiating the medicine.
The term, cutaneous pseudolymphoma psl, refers to a group of lymphocyterich infiltrates, which either clinically andor histologically simulate cutaneous lymphomas. Disease bioinformatics research of cutaneous pseudolymphoma has been linked to pseudolymphoma, lymphoma, dermatologic disorders, skin neoplasms, hyperplasia. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma secondary to gabapentin bmj. Druginduced cutaneous pseudolymphoma is an uncommon reaction. Sites of predilection for borrelial pseudolymphoma include the earlobe, the nipple, the areola, the nose, and the scrotum sites of low skin temperature.
The term pseudolymphoma tends to be more commonly used in histological investigations when the cause is known, and in the rest of the cases, many authors prefer to use the term cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia 3, 4. Both tcell and bcell forms of pseudolymphoma may be seen. Based on these features, we diagnosed cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia pseudolymphoma. The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a group of skin diseases that can be defined as benign lymphoproliferative processes that clinically andor histologically simulate cutaneous lymphomas. In cutaneous pseudolymphoma, resemblance to lymphoma is usually most apparent histologically, but some examples may also mimic lymphoma clinically. Some of these represent outdated synonyms, some refer to variants of the same entity, and some are misnomers for diseases now recognized to be true lymphomas. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma usually more prominent and found in sheets, particularly at the periphery of the infiltrates. Patients with tcell pattern pseudolymphoma typically present with broad, erythematous patches andor plaques. Report of two cases 111 the pcr of immunoglobulin heavy chain igh gene rearrangement showed polyclonality. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma christina mitteldorf, mda, werner kempf, mdb,c keywords cutaneous pseudolymphoma tcell bcell borreliosis tattoo.
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